The role of transforming growth factor h 1 in the vascular system

The transforming growth factor h (TGFh) family of cytokines exert pleiotropic effects upon a wide variety of cell types. TGFh1 has been demonstrated to be of fundamental importance in the development, physiology and pathology of the vascular system. As the role of TGFh1 in these processes becomes clearer, influencing its activity for therapeutic benefit is now beginning to be investigated. This review presents an overview of the role of TGFh1 in the vasculature. The cellular and extracellular biology of the TGFh family is first addressed, followed by an overview of the function of TGFh1 during vascular development, atherogenesis, hypertension, and vessel injury. D 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.