Influence of electron correlation on transition energy of gold ions

By using the multi-configuration Dirac–Fock theory and an active space approach, we calculate transition energy, oscillator strength, and transition probability for 4s–4p of Cu-, Zn-, Ga-, and Ge-like gold ions where Breit interaction, quantum electrodynamics, and nuclear-mass corrections have been considered. Our calculation includes valence–valence, core–valence, and core–core correlations, and the contribution of the three kinds of electron correlation effects on transition energy are discussed in detail. Most earlier measurements and calculations focus on the fewer-electrons system of low-Z to medium-Z ions; the purpose of this paper is to verify that core–valence correlation is more important than valence–valence and core–core correlation in a multi-electron system of highly charged high-Z ions.