Phylogenetic Analysis and Genetic Diversity of Garcinia Species Using ITS Region and ISSR Markers

Characterization of germplasm is an important pathway between the conservation and utilization of genetic resources in various breeding programs. Genetic variability and genetic relationships were accessed among the 42 genotypes of Garcinia L. of Upper Assam, using the ISSR-DNA markers. A total of 42 random decamer oligonucleotides of PKBT and UBC series were examined to generate the ISSR profiling, out of which 16 primers produced reproducible and scorable bands. A total of 142 amplicons was obtained, with 91.56% of polymorphic bands. Monomorphic band percentage was calculated and found to be 8.48% with 0.65 of PIC value and EMR, MI values were calculated and found to be 7.90 and 5.52, respectively. Genetic similarity matrix, based on Jaccard’s coefficient ranged from 0.30 to 0.97 indicating to be least. A dendrogram constructed by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average formed four distinct clusters. ITS1 regions were found to be efficient barcode for the assessment of phylogenetic relationships between Garcinia genotypes. The present investigation recommends the usefulness of ISSR technology for the study of genetic similarity among different genotypes of Garcinia L.