Mesenchymal stem cell and bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy for cardiomyopathy: From bench to bedside
2018
Abstract
To date, stem cell–based therapies for cardiac diseases have not achieved any
significant clinical accomplishment. Globally, numerous patients are currently
treated with autologous stem cells. The safety and practicality of this technique
have been well‐examined, its disadvantages have been recognized, and many
trials have been proposed. Inadequate description of the implemented cell
types, a variety of cell‐handling proficiencies, and concerning factors related to
autologous stem cells have been known as the central elements restricting the
approval of cell‐based therapies. The idea that bone marrow (BM)‐derived cells
could be applied to regenerate and cure damage in various organs is the basis
for bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMNC) therapy for heart disease.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a part of the BMMNCs; on one hand, they
have the capability to differentiate into various tissues, and, on the other, their
immunomodulatory effects have been considered and clinically confirmed in
different experiments. In this review, we summarize the knowledge obtained by
trials in which mesenchymal cell–based therapy has been practiced. Furthermore,
we accentuate the developments in the purification and lineage
specification of MSCs as well as BMMNCs that have influenced the progress
of future stem cell–based therapies with special attention on cardiovascular
disease.
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