A Node Preference-Aware Delegated Proof of Stake Consensus Algorithm With Reward and Punishment Mechanism

Blockchain is a distributed data structure that ensures data security and reliability, and has been widely used in different application scenarios. As the core part of blockchain, consensus algorithm has become the bottleneck of blockchain development, which directly determines the performance of blockchain system. Therefore, considering the preference of nodes, we propose a node preference-aware delegated proof of stake consensus algorithm with reward and punishment mechanism (NPRP-DPoS) to improve the reputation of witness nodes. NPRP-DPoS designs a reward and punishment mechanism to reward or punish generators and voters, and constructs a reputation mechanism to motivate the positive behavior of nodes. At the same time, NPRP-DPoS uses Borda count to select the witness nodes which are more in line with the preference of the voting nodes. The experimental results shows that NPRP-DPoS algorithm can quickly eliminate exception nodes and motivate nodes to vote effectively. Also, NPRP-DPoS algorithm makes the election more fair and reasonable, ensures the interests of nodes and enhances the security of system.