Hydraulic studies and cleaning evaluations of ultraviolet disinfection units

Disinfection of treated wastewaters by ultraviolet (UV) radia tion is gaining increasing acceptance as an alternative to the more traditional process of chlorination. The U.S. Environ mental Protection Agency (EPA) has played a significant role in this effort to develop alternatives by funding construction of innovative and alternative (I/A) facilities and by supporting the research and demonstration of new technology applications. Significant technological advances in the 1970s and 1980s have improved UV disinfection unit performance so that more than 50 UV units are currently in operation at U. S. wastewater treat ment plants and more than 70 are in the design or construction phase.