Jade: nueva variedad de avena para la producción de grano en siembras de temporal en México

The National Institute of Agricultural and Livestock Forestry Research, makes available to producers of oats from Mexico the variety ‘Jade’, which was obtained by its Genetic Improvement Program located in the Valley of Mexico Experimental Field (CEVAMEX). Jade was obtained through a simple cross between the line 815A-129-72-CI-648/SR-CPX and the Obsidiana variety, and its F1 that was backcrossed to the variety, in the selection towards homozygosis the gravimetric methods were applied and massive families until obtaining the experimental line that was evaluated in 105 localities in 12 states of the republic in temporary conditions from 2008 to 2012. During this period in JADE there were readings of trace stem rust (TR) at 20 MR, type of resistance reaction that exceeded all the control varieties. Its average grain yield was 3 681 kg ha-1 in favorable environments, 2 302 kg ha-1 in intermediate environments and 1 382 kg ha-1 in critical environments, surpassing the eleven control varieties in each condition. Based on its agronomic behavior and resistance to stem rust, with the Jade planting it can be substituted for the Menonita, Avemex, Papigochi, Chihuahua, Cuauhtemoc and Opalo varieties, which will increase on average 28% the productivity of oats in plantings of temporary. Due to the above, Jade will be part of the genetic mosaic of varieties that INIFAP recommends for rainfed sowing in Mexico.