Multilevel Models for Single-Case Data: Using Virtual Manipulatives for Students With Disabilities

Expected Findings: The average immediate effect and trend during the intervention were statistically significant. The average immediate effect varied significantly by student grade, disability type, developer, device, type of virtual manipulative, and visual model embedded in virtual manipulatives. Additionally, the visual model embedded in virtual manipulatives significantly influenced the average trend during the use of virtual manipulatives. Datasets and R codes are posted through an online data repository: https://osf.io/wvtxg/?view_only=8272597c1fb342beb40f2f088addcded%C2%A0