Effect of calcium cation on lipid vesicle deposition on silicon dioxide surface under various thermal conditions.

Abstract Calcium cation (Ca 2+ ) is a key element to the cell membrane functions. Its effects on liquid crystal vesicle deposition have already been learnt. In this study, it is found that Ca 2+ can also influence the gel vesicle deposition by controlling the vesicle rupture and fusion on SiO 2 at temperatures lower than the main transition temperature. Particular analyses were given to the vesicle–SiO 2 and inter-vesicle attractions that are originated from the Ca 2+ bridging effect. It is concluded that the aggregate condition of vesicles should be taken into consideration when dealing with vesicle deposition on a solid substrate.