Relaxation dynamics through a conical intersection: Quantum and quantum-classical studies.

We study the relaxation process through a conical intersection of a photo-excited retinal chromophore model. The analysis is based on a two-electronic-state two-dimensional Hamiltonian developed by Hahn and Stock [J. Phys. Chem. B 104 1146 (2000)] to reproduce, with a minimal model, the main features of the 11-cis to all-trans isomerization of the retinal of rhodopsin. In particular, we focus on the performance of various trajectory-based schemes to nonadiabatic dynamics, and we compare quantum–classical results to the numerically exact quantum vibronic wavepacket dynamics. The purpose of this work is to investigate, by analyzing electronic and nuclear observables, how the sampling of initial conditions for the trajectories affects the subsequent dynamics.