Attitudes toward aging, social support and depression among older adults: Difference by urban and rural areas in China.

Abstract Background The specific impacts of attitudes toward aging on depressive symptoms have not been widely reported in previous studies in China. Objectives The aim is to examine the associations between attitudes toward aging, perceived social support, and depressive symptoms among older adults stratified by rural and urban dwelling. Methods This study used a cross-sectional data including 7209 participants, among which 64.6% were urban adults and 35.4% were rural adults. Several multiple liner regression models were used to analysis the data. Three social support types were analyzed as moderators of the relationship between the attitudes toward aging and depressive symptoms. Results Positive attitudes toward aging (β=-0.139, P Limitations A cross-sectional design is limited to establish causal associations. Conclusions Addressing depression among older adults should focus on improving attitudes toward aging and expanding the availability of social support. Moreover, deeper reforms are needed to address inequalities between urban and rural areas in China.