Dynamic coupling between carrier and dispersed phases in Rayleigh–Bénard convection laden with inertial isothermal particles

We investigate the dynamic couplings between particles and fluid in turbulent Rayleigh–Benard (RB) convection laden with isothermal inertial particles. Direct numerical simulations combined with the Lagrangian point-particle mode were carried out in the range of Rayleigh number , which is in remarkable agreement with our simulation. We found that the settling and preferential concentration of particles are strongly correlated with the coupling mechanisms.