FVM method based on K − ε model to simulate the turbulent convection of nanofluid through the heat exchanger porous media

The current study investigates the effect of the magnetic field on nanoparticle distribution and heat transfer rate. The natural convection of turbulent flow is simulated inside two half-cylinders heat exchanger. The cylinders are considered porous, and the boundary conditions are contemplated as constant flux and constant temperature. The simulation follows the k−ɛ turbulent model while utilizes the finite volume method for solving the governing equations. The effects of porous Rayleigh number (Rap), porosity number (η), magnetic number (Mn), and nanoparticle volume fraction (φ) on isothermal counters, nanoparticle distributions, and average Nusselt number are studied. The results outlined that adding nanoparticles declined the heat transfer rate in the absence of a magnetic field. At low Rayleigh numbers, the Nusselt number has a direct relation with Mn number and η, while at higher Ra numbers, although Nu number has a direct connection with η, it has a diverse relation with Mn number. Overall, the results highlighted that the heat transfer rate enhances in the presence of a magnetic field by adding nanoparticles.