Intervención educativa de enfermería para la rehabilitación de personas con una ostomia

Introduccion : El incremento del numero de personas poseedoras de un estoma, trae consigo la necesidad de contar con personal capacitado para proporcionarle los elementos necesarios para su reintegracion a la vida social, familiar y laboral. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto que tiene la intervencion educativa de enfermeria para la rehabilitacion de personas con una ostomia. Metodologia : Se trata de un estudio de tipo cuasi-experimental, la muestra se constituyo de 110 personas ostomizadas de cuatro hospitales a las que se les aplico un instrumento que fue validado por expertos en el area. Para el analisis de datos se utilizo estadistica descriptiva e inferencial por medio de la X2. Resultados : En los resultados se observa diferencia estadisticamente significativa entre la intervencion educativa y la rehabilitacion laboral (p=0.000), tambien se observo diferencia estadisticamente significativa entre la intervencion educativa y la rehabilitacion social y familiar (p=0.000). Discusion : Coincidiendo con Montovani en donde afirma que la falta de informacion, educacion y comunicacion son la causa para que el paciente no pueda participar activamente en su autocuidado. De acuerdo con Boccardo se establece que la mayoria de los pacientes ostomizados no retornan totalmente al trabajo pero si parcialmente a sus actividades siendo esta la parte mas dificil de superar. Conclusiones : Se sustenta que la intervencion educativa en personas ostomizadas planificada, estandarizada y evaluada, es fundamental para lograr su rehabilitacion educativa, laboral, social y familiar. Introduction : The increase of the number of people, who have a stoma, brings the necessity to have capacitated personal to give them the necessary tools or elements for their reintegration to social and labor life. So that is why it is very important and necessary to analyze the effect that has an educative intervention of nursering in the rehabilitation of people in a kindness context. Method : The method is about a cuasi- experimental and transversal study. The sample was created with the help of one hundred and ten people from four different hospitals. All of these people were given an instrument that was recognized by experts in the area. For the analysis of data, it was used a descriptive statistic of the use of x2. Results : In the results we can observe an important difference between the educative intervention and the labor rehabilitation (p=0.000). It was also observed an important statistic difference between the educative intervention and the family and social rehabilitation (p.=0.000). Discussion : In agreement with Montovani, the lack of information, education, and communication, prevents the patient from participating actively in their self-care, and according to Boccardo, the majority of ostomized patients, do not fully return to their normal activities. Conclusions : It is supported that the educative participation by plannifying, standarizing and evaluating people is important to obtain their rehabilitation.