Studies using Teladorsagia circumcincta in an in vitro direct challenge method using abomasal tissue explants

Abstract An in vitro direct challenge (IVDC) method in which abomasal tissue explants maintained at 37 °C in Hanks/Hepes solution (pH 7.6) in a high oxygen concentration (incubator gassed with pure oxygen and sealed prior to use) were-challenged with exsheathed third stage larvae of Teladorsagia circumcincta has been used to investigate the tissue association phase of larval establishment. Studies using naive and recently challenged immune sheep and goat abomasal tissues have shown significant reductions ( P P