The value of the Hubble-Lema\^itre constant queried by Type Ia Supernovae: A journey from the Cal\'an-Tololo Project to the Carnegie Supernova Program.

2020 
We assess the robustness of the two highest rungs of the "cosmic distance ladder" for Type Ia supernovae and the determination of the Hubble-Lemaitre constant. In this analysis, we hold fixed Rung 1 as the distance to the LMC determined to 1 % using Detached Eclipsing Binary stars. For Rung 2 we analyze two methods, the TRGB and Cepheid distances for the luminosity calibration of Type Ia supernovae in nearby galaxies. For Rung 3 we analyze various modern digital supernova samples in the Hubble flow, such as the Calan-Tololo, CfA, CSP, and Supercal datasets. This metadata analysis demonstrates that the TRGB calibration yields smaller $H_0$ values than the Cepheid calibration, a direct consequence of the systematic difference in the distance moduli calibrated from these two methods. Selecting the three most independent possible methodologies/bandpasses, namely, the $V$-band by Phillips et al. (1999), the $J$-band by Kattner et al. 2012, and the $B$-band by Riess et al. 2019, we obtain $H_{0} = 69.9 \pm 0.8$ and $H_{0} = 73.5 \pm 0.7$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ from the TRGB and Cepheid calibrations, respectively. This subset reveals a significant 3.4 $\sigma$ systematic difference in the calibration of Rung 2. If Rung 1 and Rung 2 are held fixed, the different formalisms developed for standardizing the supernova peak magnitudes yield consistent results, with a standard deviation of 1.5 km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$, that is, Type Ia supernovae are able to anchor Rung 3 with 2 % precision. This study demonstrates that Type Ia supernovae have provided a remarkably robust calibration of R3 for over 25 years.
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