Relación entre las funciones ejecutivas y el rendimiento académico en una muestra de escolares

2020 
In the last decade, the integration between neuroscience and education has contributed to the understanding and improvement of the educational system, in addition, there has been an interest in the study of executive functions and the academic performance of students. Executive functions are a multimodal system that coordinate higher mental processes. Research with a child population has emphasized the relationship between executive functions and cognitive abilities, literacy skills, and mathematical skills. It has been reported that alterations in executive functions could lead to poor academic performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in a sample of schoolchildren.Materials and method: A correlational descriptive study was carried out with 34 students, to whom the ENFEN test was applied and the average of the first and second quarter grades of the school year as a value to measure academic achievement. Data were analyzed with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: It was found that the performance of most of the students in the ENFEN test was low and medium, while the academic performance of the participants was medium and high. No significant correlations were found between performance on the ENFEN and academic performance. Conclusions: The results found were opposite to what was proposed by the literature, which would lead to propose a review by the educational system to the evaluation of the cognitive and academic capacities of the students. Increasing the sample size and the use of other research designs are recommended in future studies.
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