Durability of Marine Concrete under New Zealand Conditions: Actual and Modelled Performance after 13 Years Exposure

Concrete made using only GP Portland cement is too permeable to chloride ions to adequately protect mild steel reinforcement at conventional covers in aggressive marine environments. This is recognised by the prescriptive durability design solutions in Section 3 of NZS 3101:2006. These solutions mandate the use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) for the most severe C Zone Exposure Classification, in addition to placing restrictions on water to binder ratio and binder content.