Plant Growth Regulators

This article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Classes of “True” Plant Growth Regulators 2.1. Compounds Related to Auxins 2.1.1. Natural and Synthetic Auxins 2.1.1.1. Indol-3-ylacetic Acid (IAA) 2.1.1.2. Indol-3-ylbutyric Acid (IBA) 2.1.1.3. 1-Naphthylacetic Acid (NAA) 2.1.1.4. 2-(1-Naphthyl)acetamide (NAAm) 2.1.1.5. Carbaryl 2.1.2. Inhibitors of Auxin Transport 2.1.2.1. N-m-Tolylphthalamic Acid 2.1.2.2. Cyclanilide 2.2. Compounds Related to Gibberellins 2.2.1. Naturally-Occurring Gibberellins and Compounds with Gibberellin-Like Activity 2.2.1.1. Gibberellic Acid = Gibberellin A3 (GA3) 2.2.1.2. Mixture of Gibberellin A4 with Gibberellin A7 (GA4/7) 2.2.1.3. AC 94,377 2.2.2. Inhibitors of Gibberellin Biosynthesis 2.2.2.1. Chlormequat Chloride-Chlorocholine Chloride (CCC) 2.2.2.2. Mepiquat Chloride 2.2.2.3. Flurprimidol 2.2.2.4. Inabenfide 2.2.2.5. Paclobutrazol 2.2.2.6. Uniconazole 2.2.2.7. Daminozide 2.2.2.8. Trinexapac-ethyl 2.2.2.9. Prohexadione (Calcium Salt) 2.3. Cytokinins 2.3.1. 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA, BAP) 2.3.2. Thidiazuron (TDZ) 2.3.3. Forchlorfenuron (CPPU) 2.4. Abscisic Acid (ABA) 2.4.1. (S)-Abscisic Acid (S-ABA) 2.5. Compounds Related to Ethylene 2.5.1. Ethylene, Ethylene-Removing and Ethylene-Releasing Compounds 2.5.1.1. Ethephon 2.5.2. Inhibitors of Ethylene Biosynthesis 2.5.2.1. Aviglycin (Hydrochloride) (AVG) 2.5.3. Inhibitors of Ethylene Action 2.5.3.1. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) 3. Compounds with Effects Similar to Plant Growth Regulators 3.1. Compounds Causing Subtle Phytotoxicity 3.1.1. Hydrogen Cyanamide 3.1.2. Mefluidide 3.1.3. Maleic Hydrazide (Potassium Salt) 3.1.4. Chlorpropham (CIPC) 3.1.5. Dikegulac (Sodium Salt) 3.2. Distinct Fungicides, Insecticides and Herbicides 3.2.1. Pyraclostrobin 4. Outlook/Conclusions