Case studies: Synchrophasors for wide-area monitoring, protection, and control

Worldwide power systems operated for maximum economy potentially sacrifice traditional stability margins. Long lines between generators and loads, changes in the generation mix, and an increase in interconnections have complicated the use of older tools for system analysis. System disturbances and blackouts at locations throughout the world have demonstrated the need to simplify how system operators obtain the situational awareness necessary to maintain stability and optimize economy.