Arterial blood pressure monitoring by active sensors based on heart rate estimation and pulse wave pattern prediction

This paper presents the results of development of a novel method for measuring nonstationary quasi-periodic biomedical signals, in particular, the arterial blood pressure pulse signal. It has been demonstrated that the proposed method for compensation tracing of dynamic signals suggests not only smart, but also active sensors. In connection with this, a major part of the introduction is devoted to expanding the conception of smart sensors to the paradigm of active sensors. Further, following the introduction on the background of the question, a brief description of the functioning principles and some design features of the active sensor developed by us are given. The results of the sensor test and calibration are discussed, and the necessity of its complicated control is substantiated. The remaining part of the paper is devoted to possible ways of development of this control and the way that we have chosen to control the active sensor of arterial blood pressure. The principle of controlling compensation of a pulse pressure based on prediction of pulse wave patterns is discussed and substantiated. The final part is devoted to technical matters of formation of dynamic patterns using multiscale correlation analysis of a current local period of heart contractions.