Optimal Strategies in the Treatment of Cancers in the Lotka–Volterra Mathematical Model of Competition
2021
The Lotka–Volterra competition model is applied to describe
the interaction between the concentrations of healthy and cancerous cells
in diseases associated with blood cancer. The model is supplemented with
a differential equation characterizing the change in the concentration of
a chemotherapeutic drug. The equation contains a scalar bounded control
that specifies the rate of drug intake. We consider the problem of
minimizing the weighted difference between the concentrations of cancerous
and healthy cells at the end time of the treatment period. The Pontryagin
maximum principle is used to establish analytically the properties
of an optimal control. We describe situations in which the optimal control
is a bang–bang function and situations in which the control may contain
a singular arc in addition to bang–bang arcs. The results obtained are
confirmed by corresponding numerical calculations.
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