Khorasan wheat population researching (Triticum turgidum, ssp. Turanicum (McKey) in the minimum tillage conditions
2014
Khorasan wheat occupies a special place in the group of new-old cereals
(Triticum turgidum, ssp. Turanicum McKey). It is an ancient species, native
to eastern Persia, that is very close to durum wheat by morphological
characteristics. Investigations were carried out in agro ecological
conditions of the eastern Srem, with two wheat populations with dark and
bright awns as objects of study. The following morphological and productive
characteristics were investigated: plant height (PH), spike length (SH),
number of spikelets per spike (NSS), absolute weight (AW) and grain weight
per spike (GW), seed germination (G) and grains yield (YG). Field
micro-experiments were set on the carbonate chernozem soil type on loess
plateau in 2011 and 2012. Hand wheat sowing was conducted in early March with
drill row spacing of 12 cm. The experiment was established as complete
randomized block system with four replications. Tending crops measures were
not applied during the growing season. Plants were grown without usage of NPK
mineral nutrients. Chemical crop protection measures were not applied,
although powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis) was appeared before plants spike
formation in a small extent. The results showed that both populations have a
genetic yield potential. In general, both populations manifested a
satisfactory tolerance on lodging and there was no seed dispersal. Plants
from bright awns population were higher, had longer spikes and larger number
of spikelet’s per spike. However, plants from dark awns population had higher
absolute weight and grains weight per spike, as well as grain yield per
plant. Strong correlation connections were identified among the investigated
characteristics. The determination of correlations, as well as direct and
indirect affects, enabled easier understanding of the mutual relationships
and their balancing in order to improve the yield per unit area. [Projekat
Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31078 i br. TR 31022]
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