Genetic characteristics of three unique recombinant forms of HIV-1 in Yunnan, China.

To explore the molecular epidemiological status of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Yunnan, China, three HIV-1 near-full-length genomes were amplified and sequenced from plasma samples that were collected from Burmese patients newly diagnosed with HIV-1 in Dehong Prefecture in Yunnan Province in 2017. Phylogenetic and bootscanning analyses revealed that all the sequences might be HIV-1 second-generation recombinant forms of circulating recombinant forms (CRF07_BC and CRF83_cpx) and unique recombinant forms. One of the sequences contained six CRF01_AE fragments, five subtype C fragments and two subtype B fragments, which were separated by 12 breakpoints. These results revealed that the second-generation recombination of HIV-1within different strains is still ongoing in Deheong, China. Systematic surveys and immediate interventions are urgently needed to prevent the formation of increasingly complex HIV-1 recombinant forms.