Distribution, hosts and parasitoids of Monochamus galloprovincialis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Portugal Mainland.

Abstract. The geographic distribution of the pine sawyer ( Monochamus galloprovincialis ), vector of the pine wood nematode ( Bursaphelenchus xylophilus ), is presented for Portugal mainland, according to the UTM 10x10km square grid. Field surveys were conducted in an area of approximately 15% of the maritime pine ( Pinus pinaster ) forested area. Simultaneously, a literature review was made for the previous references on the insect in Portugal. The insect vector was found in 94% of the surveyed locations, suggesting a widespread distribution. A total of eight forest and ornamental conifers were sampled, and for the first time the pine sawyer was detected in Portugal in two of them, namely Pinus sylvestris and Pinus halepensis . The beetle was not found associated with Pinus pinea , Pinus radiata , Cupressus lusitanica , Larix decidua and Chamaecyparis lawsoniana . The parasitoid guild associated with the pine sawyer in Portugal was reviewed and updated, with new geographic locations for a total of seven species.