Nuclear probes for battery materials investigations: Mössbauer spectroscopy, nuclear scattering, and neutron scattering

Selected examples of application of Mossbauer spectroscopy, nuclear resonance scattering of synchrotron radiation, and neutron scattering to battery and related materials research are presented. The charms of Mossbauer spectroscopy as a technique for screening materials, for detailed structure investigations, and for in situ measurements are illustrated. New developments of nuclear resonance scattering for isotopes with 30–90 keV resonant energy are presented. Structural, diffusive and dynamic studies utilizing neutron scattering are exemplified.