Follicular fluid expression of alpha-defensins and their role in ovulation

Introduction Defensins are cytotoxic peptides and have a well-defined role in host defense. Human alpha defensins 1–3 (HNP1–3) are primarily produced by peripheral neutrophils and constitute about 50% of the azurphil granule protein. Studies have suggested that peripheral neutrophils and the resident neutrophils in the ovary enhance the release of IL-8 and TNF-α that play a role in ovulation and influence fertilisation rate and IVF outcome. The production of HNP1–3 by follicular fluid and its role in ovulation has never studied. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence of HNP1–3 in follicular fluid and to ascertain its correlation with fertilisation rate and IVF outcome.