Basic biology integration – the malmo model

Knowledge of basic biological concepts is an essential ingredient for the development of a profound understanding of clinical phenomena and situations. In Malmo, knowledge within basic biology is gained in a clinical context and learning is thus motivated by the need for a scientific basis upon which to build the preventive measures, diagnoses and treatments carried out in the clinic. As basic biology is spread throughout the curriculum in parallel with patient care, traditional subject categories are broken down and, for instance, cell biology is spread throughout the 5 years of study. However, in order to create a basis for continuous learning, many of the basic biological concepts are introduced early in the curriculum while their application to more complex situations is the focus of learning at later stages. For example, mechanisms of cell growth and division are introduced during the first and second semesters whereas tumour biology, a complex situation that requires an understanding of these phenomena, is studied during the ninth semester. We conclude that the integration of basic biology and clinical dentistry combined with a problem-based approach to learning gives the students opportunities to use and adapt their knowledge to common odontological problems and situations. This approach stimulates a deeper understanding of basic biological concepts as well as a willingness to apply such knowledge in the clinic. In a broader perspective, we propose that students are well prepared for their future role in the development of new strategies to promote oral health.