Efecto de tratamientos antioxidantes en dos medios de cultivo en el establecimiento in vitro de Fragaria x ananassa a partir de la siembra apolar de láminas foliares

The cultivation of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) that is sold in the world owes its origin thanks to two ancestor’s species, F. chiloensis and F. virginiana. In marketing this hybrid has replaced the wild species Fragaria vesca the superior size of fruit. The propagation by tissue culture has been an option for growers because plants have resulted in greater number of stolon, more uniform and more vigor. For this project a disinfection experiment was performed to establish a procedure for surface sterilization of explants. The main experiment was to evaluate the effect of antioxidant treatments in the establishment of leaf blades in vitro using two culture media and two incubation conditions. In the experiment for surface disinfection, the end of the first week was observed that treatment of 30% (v/v) NaClO for 20 minutes, had the lowest contamination (10%). It was determined that the best treatment for reducing the oxidation and regeneration of callogenico tissue was using the culture medium Murashige and Skoog (MS), the antioxidant citric acid with ascorbic acid, and under the condition of incubating in darkness as it was found that 50% survived and formed callogenico tissue. Independent of the medium used, the treatments with a higher incidence of oxidation were used those in which cysteine incubation low light conditions, because in such treatments 100% of the explants displayed oxidation was observed.