IRRIGATION EFFICIENCIES OF SUGAR CANE YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT FURROWS LENGTHS IN UPPER EGYPT

The research field experimental work was conducted at the farm of El-Mattana Research Station of the Agricultural Research Center, Luxor Governorate, Upper Egypt during growing season 2012&2013 in clay soil on sugarcane crop. The objective of the herein research trial are to study surface irrigation system performance through using gated pipe system technique under different furrows irrigation lengths treatments L125 (125m) L100 (100m). L75 (75m) and land slope 0.1 % comparing with the traditional irrigation methods under the same condition and treatments. The consequent effects of applying such methods on advance, recession and opportunity time, total water applied, yield, water application efficiency and water use efficiency for sugar cane was considered. The Results showed that the total head losses due to friction was increased gradually until reached 8.4% of the original pumping pressure head measured. The flow variation through 18 meters apart of the gated pipe system was about 13.9 %. Therefore the uniformity distribution of flow through outlets along the gated pipe system was about 86.1 %. On the other hand pressure head variation was about 9.42 %. The result revealed that the traditional methods received more amounts of irrigation water than gated pipe system in the three cases of furrow lengths. The highest values water saving were achieved by using irrigation gated pipe technique with leveling by laser technique 0.1% slope. The traditional irrigation (T1) gave lower water application efficiency than irrigation using gated pipe system (T2) The maximum value of sugar cane yield was achieved in case of using irrigation gated pipe at L100 with 0.1 % slope treatment. On the other hand, the minimum value of sugar cane was achieved in case of irrigation traditional method at L 75 treatment. The average values of sugar cane yield were 55 and 42 ten/fedan under gated pipe and traditional irrigation method respectively. The irrigation with gated pipe improved yield WUE for sugarcane crop under three treatments furrows lengths compared to traditional irrigation.