Co-seismic landslide mapping using Sentinel-2 10-m fused NIR narrow, red-edge, and SWIR bands

An accurate and timely inventory for major landslides triggered by seismic events is essential for hazard assessment and risk governance. Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) data have been increasingly used for co-seismic landslide mapping in recent years. However, there have been few studies exploring the full use of Sentinel-2 near infrared (NIR) narrow, red-edge, and short-wave infrared (SWIR) bands for landslide mapping. In this study, Sentinel-2 10-m fused NIR narrow, red-edge-1, SWIR-1, and SWIR-2 bands were incorporated into the change detection-based Markov random field (CDMRF) that considers the spectral, spatial, and contextual information of landslides. The effectiveness of the developed method was proved in mapping co-seismic landslides triggered by two major earthquakes in the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon, China, in 2017 and Hokkaido, Japan, in 2018. The results demonstrated that the mapping performances with the fused Sentinel-2 bands were significantly improved for both seismic events. Such improvement is mainly attributed to the more abundant spectral information provided by the fused Sentinel-2 red-edge, NIR narrow, and SWIR bands. The novelties of this study are (1) the preliminary attempt to use the Sentinel-2 10-m fused bands for landslide mapping, and (2) the synergy of Sentinel-2 red-edge, NIR narrow, and SWIR bands for more reliable landslide mapping.