Myosin heavy chain composition of regenerated soleus muscles during hindlimb suspension.

The aim of this study was to determine the MHC profile of regenerated soleus muscles in control (C, n = 8) and hindlimb suspended rats (HS, n = 8). After muscle degeneration was induced by injection of snake venom containing notexin, male rats were either tail suspended for 21 days or submitted to normal weight-bearing activity. Separation and detection of MHCs by sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyarcylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) showed that regenerated soleus muscles from C rats contained only type I and type IIa MHCs. The relative amount of type I MHC was higher in regenerated (93.9 ± 1.7%) than in untreated muscles (86.5 ± 2.3%) (P < 0.01). In the HS group, the immunohistochemical analysis showed that the majority of regenerated myofibres reacted positively with the antibody against fast MHCs. SDS–PAGE analysis demonstrated that HS resulted in a shift toward faster MHCs in both intact and regenerated myofibres. Regenerated soleus muscle from HS rats contained ≈34% type IIa MHC, ≈37% type IIx/d MHC and ≈18% type IIb MHC, when type I MHC contributed to only ≈12% of total myosin. The proportions of fast MHC isoforms in regenerated muscles were higher than those recorded in untreated muscles. Collectively, these results suggest that the shift in the MHC profile associated with hindlimb unweighting in adult undamaged soleus muscles is also related to the heterogeneity of early myoblasts.