The Diameter Factor of Aligned Membranes Facilitates Cutaneous Wound Healing by Promoting Epithelialization in an Immune Way

The re-epithelialization with appendages is a major challenge to skin injury. Given that topographical factors initially modulate cell activities, the design of biomaterials with the topography (such as pattern and diameter) offers a promising strategy for achieving optimal skin wound healing. Herein, we prepare an aligned fish collagen reinforced poly (lactide-co-glycolide) electrospinning membrane (FC/PLGA) with different fiber diameters for promoting the re-epithelialization with appendages. The A300 significantly enhanced the mechanical strength and hydrophilicity, accelerated the degradation rate, and improved the cytocompatibility (proliferation and spreading) of the FC/PLGA membrane. In particular, the A300 facilitated skin wound healing (epithelization and vascularization) with the regeneration of hair follicles (HFs). The transcriptome revealed the underlying molecular mechanism that the A300 could promote macrophages transformation to reparative phenotypes (M2), subsequently exerting anti-inflammation and promoting epidermal cell migration via secreting IL10, TGFβ and MMP12. All the results indicate the A300 to be a potential candidate for guided tissue regeneration applications.