Bifurcations, transitions, and attractors of real open flows:

AbstractIn this study, some dynamics that can be referred to as bifurcations, transitions, and attractors of real open flows, including axisymmetric shear flows, variable density jets, and wakes, have been presented. All of them can be considered as the experimental evidences of the quite abundant dynamics of the Navier-Stokes equations. A concept termed as physical territorial attractor (PTA) is proposed according to the properties of real open flows. Spatial evolutions of open flows, subsequently, can be described by different kinds of PTAs. Global relations through which global dynamics within one PTA or different PTAs can be studied are briefly introduced.