Intercalation Chemistry and Application of B/C/N Materials to Secondary Batteries

Abstract Intercalation chemistry and application of boron/carbon/nitrogen (B/C/N) and boron/carbon (B/C) materials to secondary batteries are summarized in this chapter. Sodium (Na) and magnesium (Mg), which are difficult to be intercalated into graphite, can be intercalated into B/C/N and B/C materials by using the electrochemical method and chemical reaction. The intercalation of these metals has been explained by the relation between the ionization potentials of metals and the electron affinities of host materials. Intercalation of lithium (Li) and Na into B/C/N and B/C materials can be applied to anodes of Li- and Na-ion batteries. Application of the materials to dual carbon alloy batteries has also been proposed.