Modern methods of molecular targeted therapy for disseminated melanoma

Abstract Significant changes occurred in drug therapy for disseminated melanoma during the last 5 years. New classes of pharmaceuticals appeared in daily clinical practice: inhibitors of MAPK pathway components (BRAF inhibitors vemurafenib and dabrafenib, MEK--inhibitors trametinib and cobimetinib) and immune checkpoint inhibitors that modulate immunologic synapse activity. This article presents information about MAPK pathway inhibitors, their mechanism of action and clinical trials experience including specific related adverse events. Relation of the therapies describes to the other methods in the field are also described. Algorithm of personalized use of current antineoplastic drugs in melanoma is presented. Modern therapeutic approaches in melanoma provide profound and long lasting effects and can even cure some patients. Rational consecutive and combined application of current methods, proper diagnostic and management of related AE can prolong life span of patients and meaningfully increase their quality of life.