Research on related factors for hypoglycemic episodes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on continuous glucose monitoring system

ObjectiveTo identify related factors for hypoglycemic episodes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). MethodsThe included 147 patients with T2DM were those who had undergone CGM for 5 days in our ward of Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital from Dec 2018 to Oct 2019.The general information, laboratory parameters and CGM parameters of the patients were collected. According to whether there was an episode of hypoglycemia during the monitoring period, the patients were divided into non-hypoglycemia group and hypoglycemic group.A single hypoglycemia episode was defined as a sensor monitoring blood glucose of less than 3.9 mmol/L and lasting for more than 15 minutes.CGM parameters included the mean blood glucose (MBG), standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), the differences between maximum and minimum blood glucose (BG) levels (ΔBG), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) and the percentage of time in range (%TIR) of BG at 7.8 mmol/L, 3.9-10.0 mmol/L, and >10.0 mmol/L. ResultsLogistic regression analysis showed that lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels, increased use of insulin and its analogs and lower MBG levels were associated with hypoglycemic episodes. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the MBG level and the%TIR of BG>7.8 mmol/L and BG>10.0 mmol/L were negatively associated while glycemic variability (GV) levels (SD, CV, ΔBG, MAGE) and% TIR of BG at 3.9-7.8 mmol/L were positively associated with hypoglycemic episodes.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the duration of hypoglycemic episodes was positively correlated with the use of sulfonylureas and CV levels. ConclusionLower eGFR levels, increased treatment with insulin and its analogs and lower MBG levels were related factors for hypoglycemic episodes in patients with T2DM.