Plasma enabled synthesis and processing of materials for lithium-ion batteries

Li-ion batteries (LIBs) dominate the energy storage market owing to their versatility and efficient energy storage. Also, for electric vehicle applications, batteries with better power, safety, and cyclability are needed. To address the issues related to lower power density, lesser cyclability, low capacity retention, safety, cost, etc., several modifications like nanostructuring, 3D and 2D architectures, doping, core shell particles, binder free electrodes, modified electrolytes, and separators are employed. Plasma technologies can reduce the number of steps and time required for the synthesis of nanoarchitectures and material modifications, hence a reduction in the cost required to produce LIBs against the high initial investment required. This review paper aims at emphasizing plasma enabled modification and synthesis techniques for LIB electrodes, separators, electrolytes, and for recent advances like solid state and flexible batteries.