Molecular approach to transmission of plant viruses by vectors

Considerable numbers of viruses that cause the significant economic losses on plant are transmitted by vectors from one host to another, and many of them are specifically transmitted on the basis of vector genus or species. Unraveling virus transmission mechanisms by vectors is essential in respect to develop novel control strategies against plant viruses which aren’t controlled by any active method. In this study that has been compiled from various scientific investigations based on this idea, determinants of virus transmission specificity have been explained molecularly after virus transmission types were mentioned considering vector groups briefly. In this context, capsid protein (CP) and helper component (HC) strategies managing non-circulative transmission by insects have been explained and viruses transmitted by insects in a non-circulative manner have been categorized. Furthermore, molecular determinants of transmission specificity in a circulative manner by insects have been exhibited. In addition to all, determinants of transmission specificity by nematode vectors have been examined in depth.