Production of Bioplastics by Different Methods—A Step Toward Green Economy: A Review

The human dependence on plastic has been recognized for decades and is considered as handy and useful material for many aspects of the essential requirements. A wide range of benefits of the plastic determines its lasting stability, resistant to reactions, anticorrosive and waterproofing applications. Among the worst, the plastic bags have most detrimental effects on marine creatures and recent studies found a huge concentration of microplastic in ocean depths. On the basis of emerging environmental concerns, it is the need of the hour to produce such sort of plastic material which can easily be broken down under natural environmental condition. This review paper focuses mainly on the methods being used for the production of biodegradable plastics along with their degradation processes for researchers and stockholders for future orientations. After degradation, the impact of bioplastics on the environment, fate of bioplastics in marine and land ecosystem has also been discussed. The last section of this study comprises the discussion that how biodegradable plastics are beneficial for our environment, economy and society. Besides other concerns of bioplastics, different obstacles prevail in the use of bioplastics are also studied along with advantages of biodegradable plastics as natural substances which do not require separate collection, sorting, recycling or any other waste solution (disposal at landfills or burning) as is the case with non-biodegradable plastics. So, it is well evident that production and use of bioplastics will prove to be a great step for developing green economy.