A 3D finite element model of upper cervical vertebrae based on CT images

With information on geometrical topology and material properties, CT images have been widely used for 3D reconstruction and finite element modeling of human body parts. Based on the results of bone segmentation and ligament drawing from CT images, this study was able to reconstruct a 3D model of upper cervical vertebrae (C0-C3) and build a finite element model of C0-C3 using ANSYS software. For conducting further finite element analysis of stress distribution and the craniocervical kinematics simulation, the finite element model of C0-C3 was assigned with proper material properties, boundary conditions and loads. The results of rotation simulation show that the maximum stresses were located in the posterior arch of C1, odontoid process of C2 and spinous process of C2 and C3 which are consistent with the clinical experience.