Double Deep Machine Learning.

Very important breakthroughs in data-centric machine learning algorithms led to impressive performance in transactional point applications such as detecting anger in speech, alerts from a Face Recognition system, or EKG interpretation. Non-transactional applications, e.g. medical diagnosis beyond the EKG results, require AI algorithms that integrate deeper and broader knowledge in their problem-solving capabilities, e.g. integrating knowledge about anatomy and physiology of the heart with EKG results and additional patient findings. Similarly, for military aerial interpretation, where knowledge about enemy doctrines on force composition and spread helps immensely in situation assessment beyond image recognition of individual objects. The Double Deep Learning approach advocates integrating data-centric machine self-learning techniques with machine-teaching techniques to leverage the power of both and overcome their corresponding limitations. To take AI to the next level, it is essential that we rebalance the roles of data and knowledge. Data is important but knowledge- deep and commonsense- are equally important. An initiative is proposed to build Wikipedia for Smart Machines, meaning target readers are not human, but rather smart machines. Named ReKopedia, the goal is to develop methodologies, tools, and automatic algorithms to convert humanity knowledge that we all learn in schools, universities and during our professional life into Reusable Knowledge structures that smart machines can use in their inference algorithms. Ideally, ReKopedia would be an open source shared knowledge repository similar to the well-known shared open source software code repositories. Examples in the article are based on- or inspired by- real-life non-transactional AI systems I deployed over decades of AI career that benefit hundreds of millions of people around the globe.