Clinical features and risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patients

Objective To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in AIDS patients. Methods A total of 471 AIDS patients, including 173 with CMV infection and 298 without CMV infection were enrolled from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from June 2015 to August 2016. Multivariate Logistic regression was performed to analyze the risk factors for AIDS patients infected with CMV. Results Among 173 patients co-infected with CMV, 103(59.54%) were diagnosed as CMV viremia, 70(40.46%) were CMV end-organ diseases (EOD), in which CMV pneumonia (n=33) and CMV retinitis (n=22) were the most frequent diseases.Univariate analysis showed that sexual transmission, low CD4+ T lymphocyte counts, first visit, tuberculosis, pneumococcal pneumonia (PCP), long hospital stay and septicemia were risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection among patients with AIDS (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that CD4+ T lymphocyte <50 cells/μL(OR=3.897, 95%CI 2.354-6.453), concomitant tuberculosis(OR=4.619, 95%CI 2.501-8.529), PCP(OR=4.062, 95%CI 2.345-7.038), sepsis (OR=2.553, 95%CI 1.098-5.936) were independent risk factors for CMV infection, while antiretroviral therapy (OR=0.559, 95%CI 0.342-0.912) was a protective factor. Conclusions Hospitalized AIDS patients have a high incidence of CMV infection which has a tendency to induce multiple organ damage, and relevant risk factors should be avoid to accentuate disease as much as possible. Key words: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS); Cytomegalovirus; Risk factors; Clinical features