Estudo retrospectivo de Tumores Odontogênicos em dois centros de estudo no Brasil e três no México

Os tumores odontogenicos compoem um grupo de lesoes incomuns, porem interessantes, que se forma a partir dos tecidos que dao origem aos dentes. Esses tumores vem sendo estudados ha decadas por patologistas e cirurgioes que buscam entender seus mecanismos de formacao e desenvolvimento, assim como desenvolver tecnicas adequadas de tratamento. Inumeras foram as tentativas realizadas ate hoje para classificar esses tumores odontogenicos, sendo a ultima a nova Classificacao de Tumores Odontogenicos da Organizacao Mundial da Saude, publicada em 2005. Assim sendo, este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a prevalencia dos tumores odontogenicos diagnosticados nos Servicos de Anatomia Patologica das Faculdades de Odontologia de Bauru (USP) e de Aracatuba (UNESP) no Brasil, e das Faculdades de Odontologia da UNAM, da UAM-X e do Laboratorio privado Peribact no Mexico, compara-las e definir um perfil da ocorrencia desses tumores nessas instituicoes e paises seguindo essa nova classificacao. Todos os casos diagnosticados como tumores e cistos odontogenicos passiveis de reanalise diagnostica foram selecionados dos arquivos dessas instituicoes. Os dados demograficos e os aspectos clinicos de cada lesao foram obtidos a partir dos laudos e das fichas de requisicao de exame anatomopatologico e as lâminas examinadas por um avaliador. Os resultados demonstraram que a inclusao do queratocisto no grupo de tumores provocou uma alteracao significante na prevalencia dessas lesoes. O tumor odontogenico queratocistico foi a lesao mais prevalente, seguida pelo odontoma, ameloblastoma e mixoma no Brasil e no Mexico. Quanto aos dados demograficos e localizacao, nossos achados corroboram com aqueles descritos na maior parte dos trabalhos realizados em todo o mundo, com diferencas pontuais em paises como a China. Entretanto, a falta de maiores conhecimentos biomoleculares e geneticos dificulta a compreensao dessas diferencas. (AU) Odontogenic tumors constitute a group of uncommon and particularly interesting lesions, arising from the odontogenic tissues. These tumors have been studied for decades by pathologists and surgeons seeking understand the mechanisms of formation and development, and trying to develop appropriate techniques of treatment. Many were the attempts made so far to classify these odontogenic tumors, the most recent being the new classification of odontogenic tumor of the World Health Organization, published in 2005. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of odontogenic tumors diagnosed in five centers of diagnostic pathology: Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru USP; Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry of Aracatuba UNESP, in Brazil; and Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry UNAM; Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry of UAM-Xochimilco and Peribact Laboratory, a private laboratory of oral pathology, in Mexico; compare them and develop a profile of the occurrence of these tumors in these institutions and countries, following this new classification. All cases diagnosed as odontogenic cysts and tumors were selected for diagnostic review. The demographic and clinical features were obtained from the records when available. The cases were re-evaluated, and the diagnosis in each case was confirmed or modified when necessary. The results showed that the inclusion of keratocyst in the group of tumors caused a significant change in the prevalence of these lesions. The keratocyst odontogenic tumor was the most prevalent lesion, followed by odontoma, ameloblastoma and myxoma in Brazil and Mexico. Our findings corroborate with those reported arround the world, with occasional differences in countries, such as China. However, the lack of molecular and genetic knowledge precludes a better comprehension of these differences. (AU)