Health Benefits of Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum leguminosse )

Publisher Summary Fenugreek is a self-pollinating crop, which is a native plant of the Indian subcontinent and the Eastern Mediterranean region. Fenugreek is used for a variety of purposes. Fenugreek seed extract is the principal flavoring ingredient of simulated maple syrup. It is also used as a tobacco-flavoring ingredient, hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor, perfume base, and a source of steroid sapogenin in drug manufacturing industries. The leaves are commonly consumed as a vegetable. Fenugreek leaves contain 25.0% protein, 25.9% starch, 12.9% neutral detergent fiber, 4.3% gum 10.8% ash, and 6.5% lipids. They are a rich source of calcium, iron, β-carotene, and other vitamins. The seeds contain 6–10% lipids, 44–59% carbohydrates, and 20–30% protein. Fenugreek seeds have been known for a long time for their antidiabetic action. The evidence to date suggests that fenugreek can be a potential natural health product for the prevention and treatment of type II diabetes. This novel legume source provides soluble fiber along with other glucose-, cholesterol-, and triglyceride-lowering compounds. It would be a significant contribution to the daily management and stabilization of blood glucose and lipid levels for non-insulin-dependent diabetics. It is important to increase awareness of the public, dieticians, and other health professionals as to the unique properties of fenugreek and to recommend it for the prevention of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.