SARS CoV2 vaccine-present scenario

SARS CoV2 virus is responsible for the pandemic of COVID-19 disease and has devastated the entire world. The COVID-19 disease has been responsible for huge number of morbidity and mortality in the world including India. Since there is no specific drug to cure this disease, research and development is going on to find a safe and effective vaccine to prevent the disease. According to the World Health Organization, there are 24 candidate vaccines which are in advance stages of development and 142 are in preclinical stages. There are various platforms in which this novel coronavirus vaccines are underdevelopment, for example, nonreplicating viral vector, RNA, DNA, inactivated, and subunit. In normal situation, it takes minimum 10-year time to develop a new vaccine from conception to first use in the market. In case of SARS CoV2 vaccine, all out efforts are made by all institutions and vaccine manufacturing companies with the help of respective regulatory authorities to reduce the time frame. In all probabilities, few vaccines would be developed in record time and expected to be in the market by the beginning of 2021. In India, there are six candidate vaccines which are in development and all are in various stages. There are several challenges during development and later once it becomes available for human use. This review is an attempt to briefly cover the present stages of development of various vaccines and the challenges that are likely to be encountered.