Chemical tailoring of one-dimensional polypyrene nanocapsules at a molecular level: towards ideal sulfur hosts for high-performance Li–S batteries

A novel 1D porous carbon nanocapsule (PCNC) has been successfully fabricated by heat treatment of the in situ synthesized polypyrene nanocapsule, where the diameter of the capsule wall can be easily tuned. This unique material not only shows attractive capability of encapsulating a high content of sulfur but also exhibits excellent cycling stability in Li–S batteries.