Spectroscopic studies of the molecular composition of the dentinal and gingival fluids and their diagnostic potential for preventive screening of dentin caries

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of the work is a spectroscopic investigation and comparison of the molecular composition of dentine and gingival fluids as well as of their diagnostic potential for the preventive screening of dentin caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS Applying infrared spectroscopy including synchrotron radiation the samples of biological fluids taken from the oral cavity (dentine fluid, fluid from the gingival sulcus and blood) were studied for the patients with the progressive dentine caries. The part of this research was undertaken with the infrared microspectroscopy beamline at the Australian Synchrotron. RESULTS Dentine and gingival fluids were shown to have no less complicated composition than the blood serum. Having all this in mind, in spite that these two fluids are derivatives of the blood serum, and a majority of the molecular groups observed in all of the three fluids can be detected in their IR-spectra, it follows that there is a number of signature modes that are in fact present in the IR spectra of only dentine and gingival fluids. This fact indicates at the molecular exchange between them under certain conditions. It means the high diagnostic potential in the study of the pathologic processes occurring in the oral fluid of a human. We have observed and fixed an increase of thiocyanates and esters in the samples of both dentine and gingival fluids under the development of dentin caries. CONCLUSION Utilization of the gingival fluid for screening taking into account that its sampling is not such a complicated challenge as dentine fluid sampling will promote a transition to the personalized medicine, the development of high-technology healthcare and technology of the health preservation as a whole.