Six-months primary success rate for retinal detachment between vitrectomy and scleral buckling.

PURPOSE To compare clinical outcomes between pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckling (SB) and PPV+SB for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD) in the Japan-RD Registry. METHODS This is a nation-wide, multi-center, observational study based on the registry data between 2016 and 2017. The failure levels were defined as level 1 (a failure of RD repair), level 2 (remaining silicone oil), and level 3 (multiple surgeries to achieve reattachment). We compared cases treated by SB or PPV in the subgroup of simple RRD using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS A total of 2,775 cases were included. Overall, 6-months any levels of failure in total, SB, PPV, and PPV+SB were 9.2% (n=256), 6.9% (n=48), 8.2% (n=157), and 21.3% (n=51), respectively. Poor visual acuity at baseline in SB and Inferior RRD and larger retinal tear in PPV were associated with higher risk of failure. PPV was associated with higher chance of achieving primary success in cases with simple RDD especially for cases with superior RDD (adjusted hazard ratio 3.61, 95%CI 2.22 to 5.94, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this nationwide study, surgical anatomic outcomes were equally successful in either SB or PPV. There were different baseline characteristics associated with primary success between SB and PPV.