Gastrointestinal Tract 1: Foregut

Foregut abnormalities discussed in this chapter are those related to the oesophagus and stomach. Given the common embryological origins, there is a close association between oesophageal anomalies and congenital tracheobronchial tree abnormalities. Pathology related to the duodeneum will be discussed in the midgut chapter. The timing of presentation of abnormalities of the foregut relates to the impact on normal functional dynamics of the oesophagus and stomach, ranging from antenatal diagnosis, often due to failure of the foetus to swallow/absorb liquor, to presentation in later childhood. There are a number of important associations and syndromes which may present with foregut anomalies, and awareness of these will ensure prompt and thorough investigation.